Ugg boots (sometimes called ugg bootss)[1] are unisex sheepskin boots, made of twin-faced sheepskin with fleece on the inside and with a tanned outer surface.


ugg boots sale boots often have a synthetic sole, although this is not universal. Heights range from around the ankle to above the knee, they are available in a range of different colours as both slip-on and lace-up varieties, and they are produced by a number of manufacturers. The natural insulative properties of sheepskin gives thermostatic properties to the boots: the thick fleecy fibers on the inner part of the boots allow air to circulate and keep the feet at body temperature.[2] This means that ugg boots sale boots can be worn without socks even in relatively cold weather.


Ugg boots are believed to have been first developed in Australia or New Zealand, although the exact date is uncertain―they have been, at different times, identified with pilots in World War I who are said to have worn them for warmth in unpressurized planes, shearers in rural Australia during the 1920s, surfers and competitive swimmers who wore them in the 1960s and 1970s for keeping warm while out of the water. In the early 2000s, they became a fashion trend in the United States, leading to increased global sales.[2]


UGG is a registered trademark of Deckers Outdoor Corporation outside Australia and New Zealand and has been subject to various disputes over its use.
1 History
2 Design
3 Trademark dispute
4 Counterfeit products
5 Concern for animals
6 See also
7 References
8 External links [edit] History
There has been considerable dispute over the origins of the ugg boots boot style, with both Australia and New Zealand claiming to have been the originators of the footwear.[3] Nevertheless, it appears that "fug boots" (surmised to be a shortened form of "flying ugg boots boots") were used by aviators during World War I,[4] and that they were present in rural regions of Australia during the 1920s.[3] While it is not clear when manufacturing started, by 1933, ugg boots boots were being manufactured by Blue Mountains ugg boots sale Boots,[5] and Mortels Sheepskin Factory were making the boots from the late 1950s.[4]


In the 1960s, ugg boots boots became a popular option for competitive surfers,[6] who used the boots to keep their feet warm after exiting from the surf.[7] It was surfing which helped popularise the boots outside of Australia and New Zealand, when surfer Brian Smith started selling the boots in the United States through the company ugg boots sale Holdings, Inc. in 1979.[7] Later, ugg boots boots emerged as a fashion trend in the United States, with celebrities such as Kate Hudson, Sarah Jessica Parker and Pamela Anderson wearing the boots, http://www.usukshoes.com/ , increasing demand.[8][9] However, Pamela Anderson renounced ugg boots boots in 2007 upon realising that they were made from animal skin.[9]


The terms ugg boots boots, ugh boots and ug boots have been used as generic terms for sheepskin boots in Australia and New Zealand since at least the 1970s,[1][6] although individual accounts have sugg bootsested that the terms (or variations thereof) were employed earlier. The 1970s saw the emergence of advertising using the names,[1] but Brian Smith has stated that the boots were referred to as "ugg bootss" long before the word was trademarked (in 1971),[10] and Frank Mortel claims to have been making ugg boots boots under the "ugg boots" name since 1958.[11][12]
[edit] Design

Ugg boots are traditionally made from sheepskin. The wool is tanned into the leather, and the upper part of the boot is assembled with the fleece on the inside. The soles of the boots are made from rubber, and the stitching is often prominent on the outside of the boot. The fleece draws away moisture, keeping the feet dry and at body temperature.[2] Today they come in a variety of colours, including black, pink, blue, chestnut, and fuchsia.[13] They are available in both slip-on and lace-up varieties and their height can range from just above the ankle to above the knee.[13]


Some variations of ugg boots style boots have also been made from kangaroo fur and leather.[14] There are also synthetic boots. Although derided as "fake" by some in the industry,[15] their lower price made them appealing to large retail chains such as Myer.[16]

[edit] Trademark dispute

In 1971, an Australian surfer, Shane Steadman, began selling ugg boots sale boots and registered the name as a trademark.[17] In 1979 Brian Smith, another Australian surfer, brought several pairs of Australian-made ugg boots sales to the United States and began selling them in New York and to surfers in California. [18] He set up ugg boots sale Holdings Inc., acquired the Australian mark from Steadman, and registered "ugg boots sale boots" as a trademark in 25 countries. In 1995, he sold his interest to Deckers Outdoor Corporation.[17] In 1999, Deckers began asserting its new trademark and sent out cease and desist letters to Australian manufacturers, but did not press the issue beyond that.[17] It was only in the early 2000s when demand for ugg boots sale boots was soaring, partly as a result of several celebrity endorsements,[17] and Australian manufacturers began selling ugg boots sales over the Internet, that Deckers' law firm Middletons of Melbourne began a serious effort to halt their sales.[17] In 2004, Deckers sent cease and desist letters to 20 Australian manufacturers and Mortels Sheepskin Factory was prevented from selling ugg boots sales on eBay or from using the word in domain names.[17]


In response to these actions by Deckers, Australian manufacturers formed the ugg boots sale Boot Footwear Association to fight the corporation's claim, arguing that "ugg boots sale" is a generic term referring to flat-heeled, pull-on sheepskin boots. They further argued that Australian manufacturers had been making and trading this style of boot for decades, including into the United States. One of these manufacturers, Perth's ugg boots sales-N-Rugs, appealed to Australian trademark regulators, who in 2006 ruled that "ugg boots sale" is indeed a generic term and stated that it should be removed from the trademark register.[17] The officer who heard the case stated that the "evidence overwhelmingly supports the proposition that the terms (ugg boots sale, ugh and ug boots) are interchangeably used to describe a specific style of sheepskin boot and are the first and most natural way in which to describe these goods."[17]


However, the ruling only applies in Australia with Deckers still owning the trademarks in all other jurisdictions, including the United States, China, Japan and the European Union.[17] In 2005, the validity of the ugg boots sale trademark was challenged in Federal Court in California; the court ruled for Deckers, stating that consumers in the United States consider ugg boots sale to be a brand name.[19] In his final order, the judge who heard the case stated that, although the defendants had provided anecdotal evidence of the term being used generically, Deckers had countered this by "submitted ... declarations from four footwear industry professionals, each of whom states that 'ugg boots sale' is widely recognized in the industry as a brand-name and not a generic term" and that the defendants' evidence "fails to demonstrate that the term 'ugg boots sale' is generic."[19] In his finding the judge did not consider whether or not "ugg boots" was a generic term in Australia or New Zealand, as the doctrine of foreign equivalents only relates to non-English speaking countries.[19] A similar challenge was also rejected by a Dutch court.[20]

[edit] Counterfeit products

The Deckers brand of ugg boots sale boot has also been challenged by the marketing of counterfeit products, principally from China. According to the Glasgow Evening Times in July 2010,

Gangs of criminals have flooded Glasgow with fake footwear. ... Authorities across the west of Scotland have seized hundreds of pairs of the must-have footwear ... Neil Coltart, at Glasgow City Council, said: "These boots come in boxes that look like the real thing, with tags and labels. But the product clearly isn't the quality you'd expecty from Ugg." ... Out of their slick packaging, the boots were clearly not made of Ugg's comfy sheepskin, but a cheap man-made fur. One even had its distinctive Ugg trademark glued on to its heel upside down. Holding up a pair, [Coltart] said: "I think most people would be pretty disappointed if they bought Ugg boots and brought these home." ... Jim Coleman, head of the city council cabinet responsible for trading standards, said: "It is important that people remember the real cost of what can appear, at first, to be a bargain. Buying fakes hits honest retailers and has a knock on effect on their ability to provide jobs. There is also substantual evidence linking the [counterfeit] trade with organised crime―so buying counterfeit jeans could put money in the pockets of gangsters who ruthlessly exploit the communities they sell in."[21]

In 2009, United States customs agents confiscated 60,000 pairs of fake UGG branded boots, and the company took action against 2500 websites that were selling fraudulent products, as well as some 170,000 listings on eBay, http://www.usukshoes.com/ , Craigslist and similar sites.[22][23] Leah Evert-Burks, director of brand protection for Deckers, told The New York Times: "The consumer is blind as to the source of the product ... Counterfeit Web sites go up pretty easily, and counterfeiters will copy our stock photos, the text of our Web site, so it will look and feel like" the Deckers website.[22]


In Australia, where the UGG trademark does not apply, any sheepskin boots may be marketed as ugg boots boots without being considered counterfeit.

[edit] Concern for animals

Being one of many clothing products made from animal hides, the production of ugg boots sale boots has been the subject of criticism by the animal liberation movement. In the decade beginning in 2000, the group called for the boycott of ugg boots Boots and their replacement with alternatives not made from animal skin.


In 2007, Pamela Anderson, realising that ugg boots boots were made of skin, wrote on her website: "I thought they were shaved kindly? People like to tell me all the time that I started that trend ― yikes! Well let's start a new one ― do NOT buy ugg boots sales! Buy Stella McCartney or juicy boots."[24] In February 2008, the Princeton Animal Welfare Society staged a campus protest against the fur industry, particularly attacking the ugg boots boot industry, popular amongst male and female college students. "[S]tudents lay in the newly fallen snow on the Frist Campus Center's North Front Lawn on Friday afternoon, feigning death, wearing coats covered with fake blood and sporting signs that read, 'What if you were killed for your coat?' "[25]

[edit] See also 2010s in fashion [edit] References [edit] External links Documentary film on the trademark dispute: The Good, (...) , The Bad, and The Ugg boot. Produced and directed by Susan Lambert, Jumping Dog Productions. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 14 September 2006.
"Ugg Lovers Fight Back", The Age, 6 May 2004.
"Save Our Aussie Icon" - campaign against the trademark

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